Опыт с яйцом и бутылкой: Забавный эксперимент с яйцом | Журнал Популярная Механика

Жидкие яйца из бутылки. Как привычный продукт будет выглядеть в будущем | Продукты и напитки | Кухня

Перед постом тема продуктов без животных компонентов действительно интересна. А если это ещё и копии любимых животных продуктов, тем более. И уж совсем удивительно, как удалось сделать растительные яйца. Но спешим вас разочаровать. У них нет не только скорлупы, но и желтка с белком. Их нельзя сварить вкрутую или всмятку, нельзя сделать яичницу. Из них можно сделать омлет и яичницу-болтунью. Эти растительные яйца — жидкие. Их продают не в упаковках по 9 или 10 яиц, а в бутылках.

Яйцо из бутылки

Вы видели настоящие куриные яйца, продающиеся в бутылках? Это были разбитые сырые яйца без скорлупы, залитые в бутылки. Причем, встречались три типа такой продукции. Первый тип — цельные смешанные яйца, такой полуфабрикат яичницы, выливай на сковородку и жарь. Второй тип — одни белки, третий — только желтки. Яйца в скорлупе, на субъективный взгляд, лучше. Но вот именно с такими яйцами в бутылках, прежде всего, и будут конкурировать обычные.

Без курицы бывают не только яйца, но… куриное мясо

«На Западе такие жидкие растительные яйца уже присутствуют в продаже, — рассказывает врач-психоэндокринолог и президент Российской диабетической ассоциации Михаил Богомолов. — Прежде всего, это альтернатива для омлета. Делают их на основе изолята белков бобов мунг, масла канолы (это, по сути, рапсовое масло), и ряда других ингредиентов и приправ. Благодаря этому, после приготовления они выглядят как яичница-болтунья или омлет. Вкус тоже похож. Мы поддерживаем вегетарианство и флекситарианство — это направление в питании, в котором число животных компонентов в продуктах снижают на 50 процентов и более. Поэтому, мы поддерживаем и появление подобных растительных яиц. Надеемся, они появятся и в нашей стране. На Западе их продают в магазинах на полках вместе с яйцами, или в отделах с альтернативными продуктами — для людей с сахарным диабетом, для вегетарианцев, поклонников здорового питания. В Российских магазинах эти отделы, к сожалению, невелики, и выбор таких продуктов небольшой. Они не удовлетворяют потребности российского рынка в подобных товарах. Полагаю, российским технологам и соответствующим кафедрам университетов пищевых производств нужно поднапрячься, чтобы не отставать. У таких продуктов большие перспективы.

Кстати, на основе бобов мунг можно делать не только яйца. Они отлично походят для создания растительного куриного мяса, оно уже есть. Вкус его многим нравится. Например, в исследованиях было показано, что восьмилетним детям очень понравились наггетсы из такой растительной курятины. Успешными оказались и первые дегустации блюд из комбинированного мяса в люксовых ресторанах».

Сталкивание яиц друг с другом

Мы решили конкретно сопоставить питательность и состав куриных яиц и растительных. По пищевой ценности есть преимущества у обоих продуктов (см. таблицу). В натуральных яйцах меньше калорий, натрия, больше витамина А — это явные плюсы. Белка в них чуть меньше, но он отличного качества — лучше, чем из бобовых. Холестерин в них уже не считается вредным, хотя с этим согласны пока не все. Состав жиров чуть менее полезен. Обращает внимание, что в растительных яйцах приличная доза натрия, этого явно вредного вещества в них в 4 раза больше.

Ещё важно сопоставление состава этих продуктов. Яйцо курицы натуральный продукт без всяких добавок. Яйцо растительное сделано из следующих компонентов: вода, белковый изолят бобов мунг, масло канолы, содержащее менее 2% цитрата кальция, геллановая камедь (Е418), натуральный экстракт моркови (краситель), натуральные ароматизаторы, натуральные экстракты куркумы (краситель), порошок лука, соль, соевый лецитин, сахар, тетранатрий пирофосфат (Е450iii), консерванты (низин, сорбат калия).

Большинство этих веществ вполне нормальны, а есть даже полезные — это экстракты моркови и куркумы, порошок лука и лецитин (последний компонент в большом количестве содержится и в куриных яйцах). Такие растительные яйца — это не дешевые продукты, накачанные огромным количеством синтетических добавок, которые порой у нас продают в пост. Но вот пирофосфат, который помогает, чтобы это жидкое яйцо не расслаивалось, и чтобы не было осадка, явно неполезен — такие неорганические фосфаты сейчас рассматривают как сосудистые яды. Они способствуют развитию атеросклероза. Судя по всему, доза их в таких яйцах не велика — пирофосфат занимает предпоследнюю позицию в списке и доза его не очень велика. Но к сожалению, есть масса продуктов, которые содержат такие добавки. И с ними можно получить очень много фосфатов. Геллановая камедь тоже условно натуральная, производят её специальные бактерии, но при её выделении могут использовать щелочь. И это не очень хорошо. К сожалению, если продукт сконструирован, сделать его совсем без пищевых добавок, в том числе и синтетических, нельзя. Поэтому, в них есть и консерванты.

Таблица. Сравнение куриных и растительных яиц

Пищевые компоненты	Яйца куриные		Яйца растительные
	количество	% от ДНП*	количество	% от ДНП
Калории	80 ккал	—	100ккал	—
Калории, получаемые из жира, %	50%	-**	60%	—
Общее количество жира	5,6 г	9%	6 г	9%
Насыщенные жиры	1,7 г	9%	1 г	5%
Ненасыщенные жиры	0,8 г	—	1,5 г	—
Мононенасыщенные	2,1 г	—	4 г	—
Холестерин	237 мг		0 мг
Натрий	78 мг	3%	290 мг	12%
Белок	7 г		10 г
Витамин А	-***	5%	—	0%
Кальций	—	2%	—	2%
Железо	—	6%	—	6%

Примечание: * ДНП — дневная норма потребления
** — ДНП для этих компонентов не установлена или не утверждена
*** — Для этих компонентов на этикетках указывают только процент от ДНП, не приводя количество компонента

90000 Home Science Experiment: The Egg and the Bottle 90001 90002 This experiment is probably a classic home experiment that anyone can try. It does not require much at all, but it’s really fascinating. The task is to cause a boiled egg to go through a narrower bottle opening without busting. Gravity alone will not make this Humpty Dumpty fall! You’ll be manipulating air pressure within the bottle to make this work. 90003 90002 90005 What do you need? 90006 90003 90008 90009 A boiled egg, preferably hard.The soft boiled eggs may get messy. 90010 90009 A glass bottle with an opening of diameter that is a bit smaller than that of the diameter of the egg. 90010 90009 Lighter + Paper (depends on method used) 90010 90009 Icy Cold Water (depends on method used) 90010 90009 Warm Water (depends on method used) 90010 90019 90020 How to Do It? 90021 90022 The Heating Methods: 90023 90002 90005 Using a lighted paper 90006 90003 90008 90009 After you have your egg boiled and ready, you can strip the shell away.90010 90009 Light the paper and drop it inside of the bottle. 90010 90009 Place the smaller end of the egg into the mouth of the bottle. 90010 90009 Watch to see the egg descend into the bottle as the bottle cools. 90010 90019 90002 90005 Using hot water 90006 90003 90002 Instead of using the lighted paper, you could also use very hot water. Run hot water from a tap on the bottle, then place the egg (smaller end pointing down) in the opening of the bottle. Set the bottle with egg on a table and as the bottle cools the egg will descend through the bottle opening.90003 90022 The Cooling Method 90023 90002 Instead of using warm water as described above, you would use cold water instead. Immerse the glass bottle into very cold water for a bit. Place the egg (smaller end pointing down) into the mouth of the bottle. Watch and witness the egg descending. 90003 90020 How Does All This Work? 90021 90002 The core of this experiment is based on manipulating air pressure in the glass bottle. Naturally, the pressure inside and outside of the bottle is the same.When you heat the bottle, you’re effectively heating the air inside the bottle. It is known in Thermal Studies that when you have a gas in a constant volume, and you heat it, you’ll increase the pressure of that gas. This means that the temperature of a gas is proportional to its pressure once its volume is kept constant. This is, in fact, Gay-Lussac’s Law. 90003 90002 By using the heating methods, you may find that the egg is being pushed upwards by the increased air pressure inside the glass bottle.Heated air rises and will escape thereby decreasing the pressure inside of the bottle. What will happen is that the pressure outside the bottle will eventually be more than the pressure inside the bottle, which causes a net force on the egg. The egg will be pushed inside of the bottle, and of course, gravity plays its role. 90003 90002 When the bottle is cooled, the temperature of the air inside the bottle is lowered. This means that there will be a drop in pressure according to Gay-Lussac. Here again, the pressure outside of the bottle will be greater than the pressure inside of the bottle.The egg will once again be pushed by the greater air pressure outside of the bottle. 90003 90020 So, What If You Want to Get the Egg Out of the Bottle? 90021 90002 The answer to this goes right back to the principle. If you can increase the pressure of air inside of the bottle, the egg will be pushed out. How to do this? Try blowing inside the bottle and allowing the egg to quickly fall into the opening (smaller part pointing out). It may require a little skill, but of course, this is not the only way to do it.Think about it 🙂 90003.90000 Egg in a Bottle 90001 90002 Can eggs move by themselves? Maybe not, but with the help of air pressure, they can be pushed into a glass bottle without being touched! 90003 90002 In this experiment, your young scientists will learn about density and air pressure. And when you watch our demonstration video, you’ll see that although things did not go exactly as we expected, this experiment is always fun and educational. Printable instructions and a materials list are included. 90003 90002 90007 Safety Note: 90008 Because the experiment involves fire, adult supervision is required.90003 90002 90003 90002 90013 90003 90002 90003 90017 Egg in a Bottle Science Experiment Video 90018 90002 90020 90021 90022 90007 Egg in a Bottle Science Experiment Video 90008 90003 90017 Supplies Needed 90018 90028 90029 Hard-Boiled Egg (shell removed) 90030 90029 Glass Bottle 90030 90029 Thick Piece of Paper 90030 90029 Match or Lighter 90030 90037 90038 90002 90007 Safety Note: 90008 Because the experiment involves fire, adult supervision is required.Please take the appropriated measures to ensure everyone stays safe. 90003 90043 90017 Experiment Instructions 90018 90002 90047 90003 90002 90007 Step 1 — 90008 Position the egg near the empty bottle. This is needed because you have to move fast once it is time to place the egg on the bottle. 90003 90002 90054 90003 90002 90007 Step 2 — 90008 Take a strip of thick paper. Thick paper is important because you need something that will not burn too quickly when you light it on fire during the next step.90003 90038 90002 90007 Helpful Tip: 90008 I used a piece of index card. Construction paper would also work nicely. 90003 90043 90002 90067 90003 90002 90007 Step 3 — 90008 Light the piece of paper and drop it into the bottle. 90003 90038 90002 90007 Safety Note: 90008 Remember to always use safety measures when dealing with fire. 90003 90043 90002 90080 90003 90002 90007 Step 4 — 90008 Once the paper is burning, carefully but quickly drop it into the glass bottle. 90003 90002 90087 90003 90002 90007 Step 5 — 90008 Immediately after you put the paper in the bottle, place the egg on the top of the bottle.90003 90002 90094 90003 90002 90007 Step 6 — 90008 Watch as the egg begins to slowly move into the bottle. 90003 90038 90002 90007 Helpful Tip: 90008 If you are lucky the egg will stay in one piece as it moves into the bottle. Or if you are like us, the egg will eventually split as it is squeezed into the mouth of the bottle. Watch the 90007 Egg in a Bottle Experiment Video 90008 to see what happens to our egg. 90003 90043 90017 How Does the Experiment Work? 90018 90002 Air has mass, so it has other properties like pressure and density.Air is able to push or crush objects when given the opportunity. We do not often see air pushing or crushing objects because air molecules surrounding objects push on objects equally in all directions. In this experiment, you get to see the power of air! Air pressure is the reason the egg moves into the bottle without us touching the egg. Let’s go over exactly what happened. 90003 90002 When we started the experiment, the air pressure inside the bottle was the same as the air pressure outside of the bottle because the air inside the bottle and outside the bottle was the same temperature.After we placed the burning paper in the bottle, the air inside the bottle began to heat up and expand. A few seconds after we placed the egg on top of the bottle, the fire went out and the paper stopped burning. This caused the air inside the bottle to cool down and contract. When the air contracts, the air pressure inside the bottle becomes less than the air pressure outside the bottle. This gives the higher air pressure outside of the bottle the opportunity to push the egg down into the bottle.90003 90002 I hope you enjoyed the experiment. Here are some printable instructions: 90003 .90000 Sucking an egg into a bottle | Experiments 90001 90002 Explanation 90003 90004 When you add the match or the hot water you cause the air inside to expand, this will push the egg up slightly and some air will escape. 90005 90004 As the air then cools down again it starts to shrink, this pulls the egg down and forms a good seal. This means that the air pressure inside the bottle will reduce allowing the air pressure outside to push the egg into the bottle. And because a boiled egg is very rubbery and flexible you can get it into a bottle that has a neck far smaller than you would expect.90005 90008 90009 90010 90011 90012 90013 90011 90015 90013 90017 90010 90011 90020 When you add the match the air heats up and expands 90021 90013 90011 When the match goes out the air shrinks reducing the pressure inside the bottle. 90013 90017 90026 90027 90028 How do I get the egg out again? 90029 90004 Though there is always the simple mash it up and take it out in pieces option, there is a much more elegant and scientific strategy. Hold the bottle upside down so the egg falls over the neck, then blow into the bottle as hard as you can, the egg should then be pushed out by the higher pressure air inside the bottle, so you can still eat it for your tea.90005 90008 90009 90010 90011 90036 90013 90011 90039 90013 90017 90010 90011 Blow air into the bottle around the egg. 90013 90011 This raises the pressure inside the bottle which pushes the egg out again. 90013 90017 90026 90027.90000 Fun and Easy Egg Experiments for Kids 90001 90002 There are many easy and fun experiments that can be done with eggs. These are great to do with kids of all ages at home or at school. Most of the materials are probably already in your kitchen. 90003 90002 You can suck an egg into a bottle, make a bouncing egg, tell whether an is raw or boiled, make an egg float, and even hold books with egg shells. So grab a carton of eggs and try some egg-tremely cool science experiments. 90003 90006 Spinning Around 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 1 hard-boiled egg 90003 90002 1 raw egg 90003 90002 Ever wondered how you can tell the difference between a hard-boiled egg and a raw egg? Just spin them to figure it out.Place a hard-boiled egg and a raw egg on the table. Spin each of them and observe what happens. The boiled egg will spin faster. The raw egg will spin slowly. The reason for this has to do with the insides. The boiled egg is one solid piece. Therefore the whole egg spins in the same direction. The raw egg has liquid inside which moves separately from the shell. The movement of the inside of the raw egg keeps the whole egg from spinning quickly. 90003 90002 Observe what happens when you try to stop the spinning of the eggs.Spin the eggs and then put your finger on them to stop them. The boiled egg should stop immediately. The raw egg will keep spinning for a moment because the liquid inside the egg will keep moving. 90003 90006 To Sink or to Float 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 Salt 90003 90002 Tablespoon 90003 90002 2 clear glasses 90003 90002 Warm water 90003 90002 2 raw eggs 90003 90002 Will an egg sink or float in normal water? What effect will salt have? Place the two glasses of warm water on a table.Add about 10 heaping tablespoons of salt to one of the glasses and stir until the salt is dissolved in the water. 90003 90002 Place an egg in each glass and observe what happens. The egg in the normal water will sink to the bottom while the egg in the salt water will float to the top. 90003 90002 Expand on the experiment by mixing the two types of water. Remove the eggs from the glasses. Empty about half of the salt water. Then pour the plain water into the salt water cup up to the amount the glass had before.Place the egg in the cup. The egg will float in the middle of the cup. 90003 90002 Make the egg rise to the top again by removing the normal water. With the egg still in the glass, begin slowly removing the water a spoonful at a time. The egg will rise higher and higher as each spoonful is removed. 90003 90002 The egg floats in salt water because of density. Salt water is denser than the egg thereby causing the egg to rise to the top. The egg is denser than normal water, though, which is why it sinks to the bottom when in the cup of normal water.90003 90006 Suck It In 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 Glass bottle or jar with a narrow opening 90003 90002 Matches 90003 90002 Newspaper 90003 90002 Hard-boiled, peeled egg 90003 90002 In this experiment, the egg will be sucked into the bottle. First, sit the egg in the mouth of the bottle. The egg should sit in the opening without falling in. Now move the egg away and light the piece of newspaper and drop it into the bottle. Quickly place the egg over the opening of the bottle with the narrow part of the egg pointing down into the bottle.90003 90002 As you watch, the egg will get sucked down into the bottle. Now try to get the egg back out of the bottle. It will not be able to go back through the opening without breaking apart. 90003 90002 The egg gets sucked into the bottle because the fire causes the air pressure inside the bottle to become less than the air outside. The air on the outside of the bottle is greater than the air in the bottle, so the egg gets sucked in. The egg will not come back out of the bottle easily because the pressures have stabilized and there is no force acting on the egg.90003 90002 For a cool trick to get the egg back out of the bottle, check out Steve Spangler Science. 90003 90006 Weight Lifting 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 3 Raw eggs 90003 90002 Newspaper 90003 90002 A Stack of books 90003 90002 Knife 90003 90002 Paper towels or cleaning cloths 90003 90002 Before beginning the experiment predict how many books the eggs will support before breaking. Unfold the sheets of newspaper and lay several sheets flat on a table or countertop. Position two of the eggs in the middle of the newspaper so that they are a few inches apart.Now lay one of the books on top of the eggs. Keep placing books on top of the eggs until the eggs crack. 90003 90002 Now gently crack the remaining egg with the knife so that the egg is in two nearly-equal parts. Clean the yolk out of the shell halves. Spread clean newspaper on the tabletop. Lay the egg halves in the middle of the newspaper a few inches apart. Now lay a book on top of the eggs. Keep placing books on top of the eggs until the shells crack. 90003 90002 Did the eggshells support more weight than you had predicted? The curved shape of eggshells distributes the weight of the book over the entire egg so it is able to support more weight than a single point could.90003 90006 Walking on Eggs 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 Large carton of eggs 90003 90002 You can give the eggshells a true test of strength by walking on them. The principle is the same as walking on a bed of nails. The weight is distributed enough that the eggs will not break easily. 90003 90002 The experiment should be done somewhere that will be easy to clean in cases of breaks. Bare feet are also best so socks and shoes will not get egg on them either. 90003 90002 Just open up the carton and have the kids step up on the eggs.If you have more than one carton of eggs, put them together and the kids can walk back and forth. 90003 90002 The eggs will hold the weight of a child, but will break with the full weight of an adult. You can experiment to see how much weight the eggs will hold before breaking. 90003 90006 Bouncing Around 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 Egg 90003 90002 Cup 90003 90002 White vinegar 90003 90002 Place the egg into the cup. Pour vinegar into the cup so that the egg is completely submerged.Let the egg soak in the vinegar for 2 to 3 days. Remove the egg from the cup. Check to make sure the shell has completely dissolved. The egg should feel leathery. Wash the egg with water. Let the egg dry completely for a day or two. 90003 90002 When the egg is dry you can bounce the egg. It will bounce about a foot without breaking. Test to see how high you can bounce it before it breaks. You could also test whether the surface you bounce the egg on effects how high it can bounce. 90003 90002 The egg bounces like a ball because the acidic quality of vinegar dissolves the shell of the egg.You can try to trick your friends and family by «dropping» the egg. 90003 90006 Soft Shell 90007 90002 Materials: 90003 90002 Pin 90003 90002 Egg 90003 90002 Cup 90003 90002 Soda (Any brand, but must be regular and not diet) 90003 90002 Gently use the pin to poke a hole in the top and the bottom of the egg without breaking the shell. Blow the insides of the egg out through one of the holes. If yolk will not come out, gently make the hole bigger. 90003 90002 Fill the cup with the sugary soda.Place the eggshell into the cup and leave it overnight. Have the kids predict what will happen to the shell. Check on the egg the following day. The shell will be soft. Expand on the experiment by asking what soda can do to other things like teeth. 90003 .